Permits can feel like red tape, but they exist so that plumbing, electrical and structural work is inspected and safe. They also matter when you sell your home, because unpermitted work can raise questions during inspections.
Permit rules are set locally, so always confirm with your city’s building department. As a general guide, here is how it usually works.
Work that often does not need a permit
- Painting, wallpaper and trim.
- Replacing countertops without changing plumbing.
- Cabinet refinishing and new cabinet doors.
- Replacing a faucet or fixture in the same location.
- Flooring in most rooms.
Work that usually does need a permit
- Moving or adding plumbing: relocating a toilet, shower, sink or drain.
- New electrical circuits or wiring: including new outlets and some lighting changes.
- Structural changes: removing or altering walls, beams or framing.
- Ventilation changes: such as new exhaust fans ducted outside.
- Water heaters and many window replacements.
A quick way to think about it: if the work changes what is behind the walls, ask about a permit.
What the permit process looks like
- The scope and plans are submitted to the city.
- The permit is issued, sometimes over the counter and sometimes after review.
- Inspections happen at key stages, often before walls are closed.
- A final inspection closes the permit.
Why skipping permits is risky
- Work may have to be opened up later for inspection.
- Unpermitted work can complicate a sale.
- Insurance claims involving unpermitted work can become harder.
Who handles the permit?
For most remodeling projects, your contractor should handle permits where they are required, list permit costs clearly in the estimate and schedule the inspections. If a contractor suggests skipping a permit that the work needs, treat it as a warning sign.
